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In the 2018 Chhattisgarh Assembly elections, Vinod Sevan Lal Chandrakar of INC won in this seat defeating Poonam Chandrakar of BJP by a margin of 23,066 which was 14.91% of the total votes cast for the seat. INC had a vote share of 31.91% in 2018 in this seat.

In 2013, Dr Vimal Chopra of IND emerged victorious in this seat beating Agni Chandrakar of INC by a margin of 4,722 votes which was 3.36% of the total votes polled in the constituency. IND had a vote share of 33.73% in the seat.

In the 2008 elections, Agni Chandrakar of INC won this seat beating Moti Lal Sahu of BJP by a margin of 5,044 votes which was 4.4% of the total votes polled in the constituency. BJP had a vote share of 45.94% in the seat.

Mahasamund Assembly constituency has an estimated Scheduled Caste population of 14.1% and an estimated Scheduled Tribe population of 19.83%, according to the report of the Delimitation Commission of 2008. The estimated literacy level of the district in which this constituency falls in is 71.02%, according the Census of India, 2011.

In the 2023 Chhattisgarh Assembly elections, there were a total of 2,08,525 eligible electors in the constituency, of which 1,01,942 were male and 1,06,574 female and 9 registered voters were of the third gender.
The electorate sex ratio in Mahasamund in 2023 was 1,045 female voters for every 1,000 male voters.

In the 2018 Assembly polls, there were a total of 1,91,035 eligible electors, of which 93,441 were male, 97,586 female and 82 electors of the third gender.

In the 2013 Chhattisgarh Assembly elections, there were a total of 1,72,875 eligible electors, of which 86,223 were male, 86,641 female and 11 voters of the third gender.

In the 2008 Assembly polls, there were a total of 1,52,506 eligible electors, of which 76,089 were male, 76,417 female and 0 electors of the third gender.

The number of service voters in Mahasamund in 2018 was 82. In 2013, there were 9 service voters registered in the constituency and 33 in 2008.

Mahasamund Assembly constituency went to the polls in Phase 2 on Friday, November 17, 2023, in the Chhattisgarh Assembly elections 2023. The counting of votes is on Sunday, December 3, 2023. In the 2018 elections this seat voted in Phase 2 on Tuesday, November 20, 2018 and the results were declared on Tuesday, December 11, 2018. In the 2013 polls this constituency voted in Phase 2 on Tuesday, November 19, 2013 and the results were declared on Sunday, December 08, 2013. In 2008, Mahasamund voted in Phase 1 on Friday, November 14, 2008 and the results were declared on Monday, December 08, 2008.

Assembly constituency no.42. Mahasamund comprises of the following areas of Mahasamund district in the Central region of Chhattisgarh: I Mahasamund Tehsil (Part) – (i) Patewa R I Circle, (ii) Mahasamund R I Circle and (iii) Mahasamund Nagar Palika.

This constituency covers an approximate area of 988 square kilometers and the geographic coordinates of Mahasamund is: 21°12'50.4"N 82°14'02.4"E.

A total of seven Assembly constituencies in the state of Chhattisgarh share borders with Mahasamund constituency, which are: Rajim, Khallari, Basna, Bilaigarh, Kasdol, Arang, Abhanpur. This constituency shares an inter-state border with no other state.

According to Election Commission of India data, in the 2023 Chhattisgarh Assembly elections, the estimated voter turnout in this seat was 78.31%. In 2018 this seat registered a turnout of 81.03%, while it was 81.39% in 2013 and 75.23% in 2008. The estimated turnout in 2023 was -2.72% compared to the 2018 turnout.